The Secret of Synchronization
How does order spontaneously arise out of chaos? This video is sponsored by Kiwico - go to www.kiwico.com/Veritasium50 for 50% off your first month of any crate.
An enormous thanks to Prof. Steven Strogatz - this video would not have been possible without him. Much of the script-writing was inspired and informed by his wonderful book Sync, and his 2004 TED talk. He is a giant in this field, and has literally written the book on chaos, complexity, and synchronization. It was hard to find a paper in this field that Steven (or one of his students) didn't contribute to. His Podcast "The Joy of X" is wonderful - please listen and subscribe wherever you get your podcasts www.quantamagazine.org/tag/the-joy-of-x
Nicky Case's Amazing Firefly Interactive - ncase.me/fireflies
Great Kuramoto Model Interactive - www.complexity-explorables.org/explorables/ride-my-kuramotocycle
References:
Strogatz, S. H. (2012). Sync: How order emerges from chaos in the universe, nature, and daily life. Hachette UK. - ve42.co/Sync
Strogatz, S. H. (2000). From Kuramoto to Crawford: exploring the onset of synchronization in populations of coupled oscillators. Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 143(1-4), 1-20. - ve42.co/Strogatz2000
Goldsztein, G. H., Nadeau, A. N., & Strogatz, S. H. (2021). Synchronization of clocks and metronomes: A perturbation analysis based on multiple timescales. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 31(2), 023109. - ve42.co/Goldsztein
The Broughton Suspension Bridge and the Resonance Disaster - ve42.co/Broughton
Bennett, M., Schatz, M. F., Rockwood, H., & Wiesenfeld, K. (2002). Huygens's clocks. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 458(2019), 563-579. - ve42.co/Bennett2002
Pantaleone, J. (2002). Synchronization of metronomes. American Journal of Physics, 70(10), 992-1000. - ve42.co/Pantaleone2002
Kuramoto, Y. (1975). Self-entrainment of a population of coupled non-linear oscillators. In International symposium on mathematical problems in theoretical physics (pp. 420-422). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. -- ve42.co/Kuramoto1975
Great video by Minute Earth about Tidal Locking and the Moon - ve42.co/MinuteEarth
Strogatz, S. H., Abrams, D. M., McRobie, A., Eckhardt, B., & Ott, E. (2005). Crowd synchrony on the Millennium Bridge. Nature, 438(7064), 43-44. - ve42.co/Strogatz2005
Zhabotinsky, A. M. (2007). Belousov-zhabotinsky reaction. Scholarpedia, 2(9), 1435. - ve42.co/Zhabotinsky2007
Flavio H Fenton et al. (2008) Cardiac arrhythmia. Scholarpedia, 3(7):1665. - ve42.co/Cardiac
Cherry, E. M., & Fenton, F. H. (2008). Visualization of spiral and scroll waves in simulated and experimental cardiac tissue. New Journal of Physics, 10(12), 125016. - ve42.co/Cherry2008
Tyson, J. J. (1994). What everyone should know about the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. In Frontiers in mathematical biology (pp. 569-587). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. - ve42.co/Tyson1994
Winfree, A. T. (2001). The geometry of biological time (Vol. 12). Springer Science & Business Media. - ve42.co/Winfree2001
Special thanks to Patreon supporters: Mac Malkawi, Oleksii Leonov, Michael Schneider, Jim Osmun, Tyson McDowell, Ludovic Robillard, jim buckmaster, fanime96, Juan Benet, Ruslan Khroma, Robert Blum, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Vincent, Lyvann Ferrusca, Alfred Wallace, Arjun Chakroborty, Joar Wandborg, Clayton Greenwell, Pindex, Michael Krugman, Cy 'kkm' K'Nelson, Sam Lutfi, Ron Neal
Written by Derek Muller and Petr Lebedev
Animation by Fabio Albertelli and Jakub Misiek
GFX and 3D animation by Jonny Hyman
Filmed by Derek Muller and Raquel Nuno
Edited by Derek Muller
Additional video supplied by Getty Images
Thumbnail by Ignat Berbeci
More footage from NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio
100 metronome video from fistart.info/tv/videot/2Kra12aZobKmls0.html
Intro animation by Jorge Cham
Thanks for the BZ footage from SteinbockGroup: fistart.info/tv/videot/rn_Qk6iqjqey0tk.html and
NileRed fistart.info/tv/videot/sYGVzYurl49t2r8.html
Animation of waves in the heart from The Virtual Heart/ EM Cherry/ FH Fenton - ve42.co/Cardiac and ve42.co/Cherry2008
Chemical materials and protocol provided by Mike Morris and the UCI Chemistry Outreach Program www.chem.uci.edu/~jsnowick/outreach/UCI_Outreach/index.html
Thanks to Alie Ward for title/thumbnail consultation
Thanks to Dr Juliette Becker and Dr James O'Donoghue for the planetary science help
Music from Jonny Hyman, Epidemic Sound epidemicsound.com "Seaweed" "Deeper Than The Ocean" "Ripple Effect"
Music also from Artlist artlist.com "Children of Mystery"
Thumbnail by Ignat Berbeci
Does this guy run the Veratasium channel by himself?
the metronomes played still dre lol
Cool story about the "braking step".
For starters, your perfect orbits and perfect synchronization of metronomes is an illusion. There's nothing perfect about them. Look closely enough and you'll be lucky to find a moment of "perfection" imo.
Ha ha ha our beautiful life is a simulation running in its minimum capacity...can't even allot resources to make them nonsynchronous.
Plz make vedio on muon g-2
hm.. play video: see start commercial; after start commercial click to some random point in time: commercial starts again. Maybe the content of this vid is good, but your monetizing options make it appear not good.
entropy: make things desorganizated sync: make things organizated and thats how its my house by myself
So will we as mankind eventually sync together as one?
Dont watch this high
Well great, now I’ll never go to sleep thinking about this.
and then there are cats.
I would also like to say based on the last bit talking about parts of the whole, you can readily experience it with (good) games. Sometimes games with limited rule set and game mechanics end up creating scenarios in which the intended rule or skill is applied in ways that aren't necessarily intended in programming.
Wit of Never thought of looking up sumthin like this let alone come cross a video about sumthin life this but gotta say was unique and very interesting good video
This makes me wonder if Tesla’s 3,6,9 has some sort of connection.
And this is how mainstream media do it. But failed coz social media disrupt their synchronization of telling lies.
Maybe someday humans will synchronize with the universe
A lot of this has overlap with dialectical materialist philosophy, I highly recommend the book "Reason in Revolt" by Ted Grant and Alan Woods
"In complex systems, chaos is the norm." Humans: well i guess we're going to make the most complex systems we can for everything!
4:42 I hit 4 bowls and had this riveting physics revelation.. 4:58 after 4 more bowls, I happy dance to the tickytocks balanced over la Croix cans and my tray only to find out they all blend to one tickytock from each other's twerkalating.... My eyes were closed the whole time....
there are moments, when they are at the same phase. might this favour the average frequency of the two?
Try to look interested when it counts to you XD
understand it at all. Showing the formula without discussing it doesn't help :( Isn't it basically the fact that first every pendulum follows the frequency that is forced onto the syst
The 2nd law of thermodynamics is not provable and in serious doubt.
the second law of thermodynamics is actually perfectly congruent with spontaneous synchronization. all it says is that an action must decrease the free energy of a system in order for it to be spontaneous (i.e. allowed to happen). burning a fire is spontaneous, because you can exploit the temperature gradient between the fire and its surroundings to transfer energy and do useful work- that’s how a generator works. by the same logic, synchronization is spontaneous because you could theoretically use a machine to extract the energy in the phase difference in order to produce useful work. at one point you even compare a synchronized system to a crystal. that actually demonstrates the second law of thermodynamics perfectly- a perfect crystal is perfectly homogenous, therefore there are no gradients to extract energy from. sorry for the nitpick, but a lot of chemistry students get this wrong and its annoying to see.
Please make a video about earthing science, if there is any; the believe of people in going barefoot to ground themselves to get rid of electrons.
I could not help noticing the little hints of Prof. Strogatz to 'systems thinking' at 18:25 ("positive feedback loop"), 19:xx etc... Hopefully one day it will be taught in high school. For now, if you are looking for your next topic to educate us, may I suggest the book Thinking in Systems by Donella Meadows
It cost several million pound to fix the bridge? Should have been paid by the company that screwed up the design in the first place.
I was a printer and operated a big flat bed machine which moved side to side. Notices were placed around the building saying "These machines must NOT be run in sequence. While bosses were out, apprentices deliberately ran three machines IN sequence. Milk bottles fell off tables and the building started to sway.
Can this work (in the vid speed of light) If light is in one just send the time(12:00) then to mars and say that you heve to wave with your hand to the erth at the time he sended you (12:20) and then see in a reeelyy good telescpe at what time he's waving If you think its a good ore badd idea pls why and how and im only 12 years old so spelling
Yoga is about tuning into this frequency to dance on the space time fabric! It's about unearthing the union below the layer of chaos!
Wait wtf. How tf have I only discovered this channel now?! I watch HAI, Real Engineering, RLL, Wendover, VSauce, you name it, the whole circus. And then the algorithm decides to show me the most brainfuck video from the most brainfuck channel? Shortly before the next semester starts? To make me watch every video? And distract me from online class? Good lord, I'm done.
Humans clapping together is completely a psychological phenomenon right? Does it have anything to do with Kuramoto Model?
super
Well I feel like I learnt something there. Thanks!
Ok everything is pretty obvious but that chemical reaction is just sick 😳 How can you even think of something like that?’
when you watch this but u know nothing 0_0
I really lie your videos and all the examples where super interesting. but the actual secret was shown for like two seconds and never discussed further. I actually did not understand it at all. Showing the formula without discussing it doesn't help :( Isn't it basically the fact that first every pendulum follows the frequency that is forced onto the system and second that this frequency is some sort of mix of the natural frequency of the pedulums combined or something like that? Even when they start with different frequencies, there are moments, when they are at the same phase. might this favour the average frequency of the two?
Scientism is not science... Yawn
How is this "scientism"?
The Hungarian Clapping clip is not a spontaneous phenomenon, if you attend classical music concerts you will know this is the transition from applauding the director to requesting an encore. There is no cue, but everyone knows when to do it, and new goers just mimic the behaviour.
very cool
I think performers have this same thing with their crowd it's like they feed off eachother subconsciously they're just in sync
*China* - Ok we make all the Hong Kongers like metronomes and they will fall in line!
Lockstep to Lockdown
All of these theories are mentioned in the holy Quran 🙏
No, they aren't.
Could synchronization be the key to the beginning and end of a universe? Everything is in rotation of some form in the universe that we can tell. We've heard and recorded the sounds of the universe like background radiation and there is a pattern to it, so what if, on a cosmic scale so large noone would live long enough to see any noticeable change, all matter was like a clock hand moving from one side to the other till they finally reach equilibrium and collapse into the next iteration of itself.
The 2ond law of thermodynamics does NOT state that things move from order to chaos. The 2ond law states specifically that energy moves from high concentration to low concentration. If you think about it in terms of heat (which is what thermodynamics is about), high energy particles (e.g. steam) behave very chaotically while low energy particles (e.g. ice) sit around being very orderly. Thus, in a larger sense, things move not from order to chaos but from useful chaos (high concentration) to useless order (low concentration). The heat death of the universe won't be mass chaos, it'll be perfect order where there is no differentiation between any part of space and identical particles are evenly distributed through out the universe. In comparison, the big bang was total chaos. The popular misconception that the 2ond law states that things move from order to chaos is just that, a misconception. You don't need to look far to realize that it is a misconception.
The work put in the video Magnificent 👌🏻
What happens when you have two small metronomes and 1 much bigger one. Will the smaller ones (try to) sync with the bigger one? And if so: lets call the bigger one: "Charisma" then.
Hey! Veritasium, Derek here.
Can this be applied to how women sync periods?
TIL I have been saying "longitude" wrong all these years. My entire world view is collapsing- up is down, left is right, the Earth is flat... wait... is that how you become a flat Earther?
Goes on to show how truly amazingly Christ designed the universe.
Great video
In answer to your first question GOD
Fuuuutuuuuuure
I now recall a playground structure which wobbled while I traversed. Similar to a tightrope but with hand-ropes to grasp. An inverted triangle design. Simple physics
The same thing that "corrects the current" DESPITE the pebble thrown into the river. No 'X-Men' viewers?
The clip where the audience was clapping and then when they all clapped in sync freaked me out. How beautiful nature is, man
I don’t think I’ve enjoyed a FIstart video like this in a while. Wish it was longer
Bridge is wobbling on collapse. People still decide to walk across it.
the clapping looks completely insane, like if you're the one person in the room out of synch you think they're aliens or a cult
18:00 a few of those people on the edge looks like they're _pushing_ the bride back and forth
I give Huygens a lot of credit for finding a physical reason for this - they were hung from the same beam - instead of some garbage about the aether or spirits or such. It's not "spooky action at a distance" if you can find a reason for it.
It happens in groups of women with their menestral cycle- and it has nothing to do with being board !
Tip on the pronunciation of "Huygens": don't say hoygens, say howgens, that's closer to what it should sound like.
the clapping thing, thats trueee mostly you just don't wanna be 'off sync' and start clapping to the beat majority is clapping to and then it just...syncs
I present comrade from indonesia my friend 🌐🌍🌎🌏🌐
When the metronomes got in sync, I literally smiled to myself XD
Why the planets don't lock their rotation with the sun, like moons do with their planets?
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"the whole is more than just the sum of the parts". Buy two Ajax, get 1 free drinking glass
One word ..... GOD ❤️
Does occur without the fizzy drinks table?
But would this happen if the metronomes were on a solid surface..?
Damn, I get it ! That's crazy
This is how the law of attraction actually works, from the book secret, so its just that, idea reinforcing actions and actions/situations reinforcing ideas etc etc, also how confirmation biases and biases in general operate. This does not stop with the physical aspects.
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I dont know why, but I think I could use/correlate this in stock market. Give me an year, I will update you how it went. Meet you in 2022. Thank you
Why do the Huygens' pendulums synchronised with 180 degrees offset ("when one ticks, the other tocks") but the metronomes on the "wobbly" platform get synchronised with no offset?
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What you call "chaos" is in your mind. Your mind understands by chaos, an order that canot bne fully understood due its complexity, and that's called epystemologycal randomness. Chaos is for you the opposiet to order and perfection; but your idea of order and perfection are not based on what you wish would be order and perfection. The order and perfection you talk about is a frozen lake; and trhat you call chaos is Harmony; dynamic order, etc.
Happens with women, too, ppl.
Damn.. I get so engrossed in your videos that I forget to like them
So what is the platform in womens menstrual cycles? They have the same phenomenon.
One of the best, if not the best video that I saw on FIstart, ever. Congrats and thank you.
That's also why I don't trust science anymore. The whole is always emergent.
Question is, mostly to get something synchronised we need to wait until it get synchronised. Can we limit the required time of the synchronisation? I am sure if we can do it so this might open a new possibilities to treat cancer as we can get the uncontrolled cell division and metastasis in a synchronisation.
Damn, the quality of this video was legit
The first idea in my head about this was about the synchronizing clapping of crowds.
Im not a science person but I watched and listened without skipping. Thats how good this video is.
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How does this affect entropy?
very good
order is an illusion :D
did you stabilize the shot of them rocking the bridge?
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Just another conspiracy
I once decided to walk across a bridge that had a railway underneath it, the train just happened to also be crossing the bridge. The entire time I was holding onto something because it felt like I was gonna go flying over the rail.
Or in other words Resonance frequency ...
Very nice :)